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1.Hot-dip galvanising is the process of applying a mechanically robust zinc coating to steel.

The zinc coating forms on both sides of the steel and on the internal and external surfaces of hollow sections. Zinc adheres to steel through the formation of an alloy between the steel and zinc. This creates a mechanically robust, durable and impermeable coating that protects the steel through a particular electrochemical system.

How is the coating formed?

Although hot-dip galvanising is simple and effective, the metallurgy of the coating process is quite complex. The zinc coating forms through a reaction between iron and zinc that produces an alloy. However, fabricated steel surfaces are often covered with rust and grease, and alloy formation is possible only when the steel surface is sufficiently clean to come into contact with molten zinc. To obtain a chemically clean surface, galvanising plants clean the steel by degreasing and pickling.

2.MIG/MAG WELDING: OPERATING PRINCIPLE

During MIG/MAG welding, an arc burns between the workpiece and the electrode wire; the arc is ignited when the wire touches the material. The melting wire serves as filler material.

To protect the welding arc from reactive oxygen in the surroundings, shielding gas also flows through the gas nozzle. It displaces oxygen during welding, preventing oxidation of the weld pool and the weld.

WHICH GASES ARE USED FOR MIG/MAG WELDING?

MAG welding uses active gases such as pure CO2 or gas mixtures (argon, CO2, O2) of varying composition. These are highly reactive. MAG is used to weld unalloyed, low-alloy and high-alloy materials.

MIG welding, by contrast, uses inert, non-reactive gases such as pure argon and helium or mixtures of argon and helium. The process is suitable for welding materials such as aluminium, copper, magnesium and titanium.

3.Laser cutting of sheet metal